THP-1 is a human monocytic cell line derived from an acute monocytic leukemia patient. It is used to test leukemia cell lines in immunocytochemical analysis of protein-protein interaction, and immunohistochemistry.
Cell Characteristics Growth Information
Note that although THP-1 cells are of the same lineage, mutations can cause differences as the progeny proliferates.
Characteristics
These cells show a large, round, single-cell morphology.
They are derived from the peripheral blood of a 1 year old human male with acute monocytic leukemia. Some of their characteristics are:
- They have Fc receptor and C3b receptors and lack surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins.
- They produce IL-1.
- They stain positive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, produce lysozymes and are phagocytic (both for latex beads and sensitized erythrocytes).
- They can restore the response of purified T lymphocytes to Con A.
- They show increased CO2 production on phagocytosis and can be differentiated into macrophage-like cells using for example phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (commonly known as PMA or TPA).
- Following the differentation into macrophages, they can be polarized into the M1 phenotype by incubation with IFN-γ and LPS, or to the M2 phenotype by incubation with interleukin 4 and interleukin 13
- They can also be differentiated into immature dendritic cells, using for example recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhIL-4) and recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF), and mature dendritic cells using rhIL-4, rhGM-CSF, recombinant human tumour necrotic factor α (rhTNF-α) and Ionomycin.
- The HLA type for THP-1 using molecular-based typing methods is HLA-A*02; B*15; C*03; DRB1*01, DRB1*15; DRB5*01/02;
DQB1*05, DQB1*06.
Growth Information
This cell line can provide continuous culture, grown in suspension; RPMI 1640 + 10% FBS + 2mM L-Glutamine. The average doubling time is 19 to 50 hours. 1 mM sodium pyruvate, penicillin (100 units/ml) and streptomycin (100 μg/ml) are also commonly added to inhibit bacterial contamination. Cultures should be maintained at cell densities in the range 2-9x105 cells/ml at 37 °C, 5% CO2. Cells are non-adherent.
Hazard
Cell line of human origin. There is no evidence for the presence of infectious viruses or toxic products. However, it is recommended that cultures are handled under Biosafety Level 2 containment.
References
Further reading
- Tsuchiya, Shigeru; Yamabe, Michiko; Yamaguchi, Yoshiko; Kobayashi, Yasuko; Konno, Tasuke; Tada, Keiya (1980). "Establishment and characterization of a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1)". International Journal of Cancer. 26 (2): 171â€"6. doi:10.1002/ijc.2910260208. PMID 6970727.Â
External links
- Cellosaurus entry for THP-1
